Sir Tommy, also called Old Patience, is a patience or solitaire card game using a single pack of 52 playing cards. It is said to be the ancestor of all patiences, hence its alternative title.^[2] It is a half-open, planner type of patience game in the same family of card-building games as Calculation and Strategy. It is also known as Try Again^[2] and Numerica. Ednah Cheney (1869) calls it Solitaire and says "it is the simplest form of patience".^[3]

Cards are dealt one at a time. When an ace turns up, it forms a foundation which builds up to King regardless of suit. Four such foundations should be built. A card that cannot yet be placed on the foundation is placed onto one of four wastepiles; once placed, it cannot be moved, but the top card of each wastepile remains available to be placed on a foundation.^[2]

The game is won if all cards are emptied from the wastepiles and built on the foundations.

To achieve a win, skilled players typically reserve one wastepile for Kings and for other high cards, and trying to avoid trapping a lower-ranked card under all four cards of some higher rank. With good play, it's possible to win 1 in 5 games.

Many variants exist, including one where four cards are turned up at a time rather than one, and must all be placed before making other moves. Puss in the Corner has a slightly different layout, and is a very similar game except that building happens by colour rather than suit.

Closely related to Sir Tommy are Auld Lang Syne^[4] and Tam O'Shanter, both of which are considered nearly impossible to win; Old Fashioned and Acquaintance are both slightly easier versions of Auld Lang Syne.

In the less flexible Alternate, the foundations are built in alternate colors, building one upwards, and the other downwards. Building happens by colour in the variant Colours, with six waste-piles making the game easier.

Strategy is a Sir Tommy variant invented by Albert H. Morehead and Geoffrey Mott-Smith, and uses eight tableau piles to make the game much easier. Last Chance is also easier courtesy of seven tableau piles and a reserve pile.^[5]

The popular patience game Calculation is also derivative from Sir Tommy, and changes the goal to place cards on the foundations by increasing ranks of 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, and is a game of great skill.

• Cheney, Mrs. E. D. (1869). Patience: A Series of Games with Cards. 2nd edn, with additions. Boston: Lee & Shepard. NY: Lee, Shepard & Dillingham.
• Parlett, David Sidney (1979). The Penguin Book of Patience. London: A. Lane ISBN 0-7139-1193-X OCLC 6633144
• Pole, W. (1875). "Games at Cards for One Player" in Macmillan’s Magazine. January 1875, Toronto: Robarts. pp. 242 ff. Account of "The Old Patience".
• Morehead, Albert H. and Geoffrey Mott-Smith (2001) The Complete Book of Solitaire and Patience. Slough: Foulsham OCLC 1357504346
• Whitmore Jones, Mary (1888,90). "Old Tommy Patience" in Games of Patience for One or More Players. 1st Series. London: L. Upcott Gill. pp. 9–10.

• Calculation
• Puss in the Corner
• Colours
• List of solitaires
• Glossary of solitaire

v t e Patience or Solitaire by type - (list, glossary)
Closed games	Simple builders Amazons Auld Lang Syne Birthday The Clock Clock Cotillion (Contradance) Leoni's Own Musical (Betsy Ross, Fairest, Four Kings, Plus Belle, Quadruple Alliance) Precedence Quadrille (La Française; Captive Queens) Reserved builders Carpet Eagle Wing Golf Duchess of Luynes (Grand Duchess) Queen's/King's Audience Matrimony Monte Carlo Moojub Odd and Even Patriarchs Pyramid Royal Cotillion Royal Rendezvous Sultan (Emperor of Germany) Tri Peaks Windmill Simple packers Batsford Big Ben British Constitution British Square Congress Corona Deauville Deuces Diplomat Emperor Following Fortune's Favor Four Seasons Gargantua Herring-Bone Klondike Napoleon at St Helena (Forty Thieves) Napoleon's Square Red and Black Westcliff Reserved packers Acme Alhambra American Toad Backbone Canfield Casket Crazy Quilt Duchess Gate The Plot Queen of Italy (Terrace) Seven Devils Closed non-builders Accordion Aces Up Baroness (Five Piles, Thirteens) Decade Eight Cards Elevens Frustration Good Thirteen Herz zu Herz Hit or Miss Hope Deferred Nidgi Novgorod Perpetual Motion (Narcotic) Royal Flush Royal Marriage Travellers (Four of a Kind, Hidden Cards, Hide & Seek, Spoilt, Wandering Card)
Half-open games	Builders Interregnum Royal Parade Tournament Virginia Reel Blockades Babette British Blockade Labyrinth Planners Calculation Colorado Colours Cribbage Squares Frog Imaginary Thirteen Jubilee Poker Squares Puss in the Corner Rosamund's Bower Sir Tommy Packers Agnes Algerian Blockade Box Kite Bristol Four Corners Heads and Tails Intelligence Martha Miss Milligan Mount Olympus Pyramide Russian Solitaire St. Helena Stonewall Yukon Zodiac Spiders German Patience Rouge et Noir Scorpion Simple Simon Spider
Open games	Open builders Archway Black Hole Crescent Intrigue Salic Law Stalactites Open packers Baker's Dozen Baker's Game Beleaguered Castle Bisley Capricieuse Eight Off Flower Garden (Bouquet) Fortress FreeCell Grandfather's Clock House in the Woods King Albert La Belle Lucie Mrs. Mop Päckchen Penguin Persian Russian Patience Seahaven Towers Shamrocks Open non-builders Fourteen Out Gaps (Montana) Gay Gordons (Exit) Maze Nestor
Competitive games	Australian Patience Double Klondike (Double Solitaire) Kings in the Corner Nerts (Pounce, Racing Demon) Russian Bank (Crapette) Speed Spite and Malice Spit