Sarawat Mountains
Sarat
Sarawat mounatains of Al-Bahah, Saudi Arabia.
Highest point
Peak	Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb, Yemen
Elevation	3,666 m (12,028 ft)
Naming
Native name	Jibāl As-Sarawāt (جِبَالُ ٱلسَّرَوَاتِ)
Geography
Sarawat Mountains Show map of Saudi Arabia Sarawat Mountains Show map of Middle East Sarawat Mountains Show map of West and Central Asia
Countries	Yemen and Saudi Arabia
Range coordinates	18°16′02″N 42°22′05″E / 18.26722°N 42.36806°E / 18.26722; 42.36806

The Sarawat Mountains (Arabic: جِبَالُ ٱلسَّرَوَاتِ, romanized: Jibāl as-Sarawāt), also known as the Sarat in singular case,^[1] is a part of the Hijaz Mountains^{[citation needed]} in the western part of the Arabian Peninsula. In a broad sense, it runs parallel to the eastern coast of the Red Sea, and thus encompasses the mountains of Fifa',^[2] 'Asir^[3] and Taif^[4][5] (which can be seen as including the Midian Mountains).^[6] In a narrow sense, the Sarawat start in Taif city in Saudi Arabia, and extend to the Gulf of Aden in the south, running along the entire western coast of Yemen, in what used to be North Yemen, and extend eastwards into part of what used to be South Yemen, thus running parallel to the Gulf of Aden.^[1][7]

These mountains are mainly rocky though some contain vegetation. Many of the peaks are fairly young and jagged, but some are smoother from weathering. Nearing the Yemeni border, the Sarawat begin to spread into individual peaks, and the Hejaz turns from a cliff to a gradual ascent up to the Yemeni Plateau. In Yemen, the Sarawat are divided into the western and central highlands, where the western highlands receive plenty of precipitation, more than anywhere else in the peninsula, and the central highlands have the highest mountains in the peninsula. A very dramatic part of the Yemeni Sarawat are the Haraz Mountains,^[8] where a few peaks top 3,000 metres (9,800 feet), but the descents and views from the mountains are staggering; some foots of mountains are only at 500 metres (1,600 feet) above sea level yet their peaks are at 2,800–3,300 metres (9,200–10,800 feet). All of the mountains over 3,000 metres (9,800 feet) are located in Yemen, the highest of which is Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb near the capital Sana'a. At 3,666 metres (12,028 feet), Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb is also the highest peak in Arabia.^[1][7]

Geologically, the Sarawat is part of the Arabian Shield, and are made up mostly of volcanic rock. The western slopes end abruptly near the Red Sea coast, while the eastern side of the mountain range slopes downward more gently and is intersected by wadis that support agriculture, especially in the southern reaches of the Sarawat, where the mountains face the monsoons. Among the cities located within the Sarawat is the Yemeni capital, San'a, located near some of the Sarawat's highest peaks.^[1][7]

The presence of the Arabian leopard was reported here.^[9][10] Hamadryas baboons are present in both Yemen and Saudi Arabia.^[11]

• 
  A terraced side of one of the Haraz Mountains in Al Mahwit Governorate, near Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb, the highest peak in the Arabian Peninsula, near Sanaa in Yemen
• 
  Mountains to the west of southern Sana'a, Yemen. Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb is behind the mountain in the background.
• 
  Jabal Nuqm or Jabal Nuqum in the area of Sana'a. Local legend has it that after the death of Noah, his son Shem built the city at the base of this mountain.^[12]
• 
  Jabal Sawdah in Saudi Arabia
• 
  Mountains of Ta'if
• 
  ISS-36 Night-time view of southwestern Saudi Arabia

• Hajhir Mountains
• Dhorm Mountain
• South Arabia
  • Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna
• Tihamah

v t e Hills and mountains on the Arabian Peninsula
Oman Hajar range[a] Central Hajar Jebel Akhdar[b] Jebel Shams (H)[c] Eastern Hajar Jabal Aswad Jabal Bani Jabar Western Hajar[d] Jebel Akhdar Jebel Ghawil Jebel Shams (H, HP) Ru'us al-Jibal[e] Jabal Al Harim Jebel Qihwi Dhofar range Jebel Qamar Jebel Qarah Jabal Samhan  Saudi Arabia List of mountains in Saudi Arabia List of volcanoes in Saudi Arabia Jabal Al-Qarah Sarat range[f] Jabal Al-Oraif[g] 'Asir range[h] Harrat al Birk (LF) Jabal Ad-Dhoor Jabal Al-Hadab Jabal Al-Majaz Jabal Al-Qo'mah Jabal As-Sahla' Jebal As-Seqaa Jabal Atherb Jabal Khalaqah Jabal Lawa's Jabal Mana' Jabal Maomah Jabal Mareer Jabal Masher Jabal Moushref Jabal Nahran Jabal Natfa' Jabal 'Okran Jabal Sawdah Jabal Yar (VF) Jabal Warrab Sh'af A'l Nassir Sh'af Bayhan Al-Bahah Jabal Shada [ar] Jizan Fifa Mountains Jebel Al-Qeher [ar] Najran Jabal Abu Hamdan Jabal Raum Hijaz range[i] Harrat Khaybar (VF) Harrat Kishb (LF) Al Wahbah crater (VC) Harrat Lunayyir Harrat Rahat (LF) Jabal Abu Qubays Jabal al-Nour Jabal 'Arafat Jabal Daka Jabal Hada Jabal Sela Jabal Thawr Jabal Uhud Jabal Werqan Safa and Marwa Midian range Harrat al-Sham (VF) Jabal Al-Amud? (VF) Jabal Al-Lawz Jabal Al-Qalom Jabal an Nukhaylah Jabal Hubaysh (Tabuk Region) Jabal Maqla Jabal `Umayyid Jabal Umm Hayfā' Mountains of Adh-Dhahr Shammar range Salma range Jabal Shammar Aja range Jabal Aja Shammar Mountains Tuwayr range Jabal Tuwaiq?  United Arab Emirates List of mountains in the United Arab Emirates Western Hajar[j] Ru'us al-Jibal[k] Jebel Jais (H)[l] Jabal Ar-Rahrah Jabal Rahabah Jabal Qada'ah Jebel Yibir (HP)[m] Shumayliyyah range[n] Jebel Al-Heben Outliers, outcrops or anticlines Jebel Buhais (AC, OC) Jebel Faya (AC, OC) Jebel Hafeet[o] (OL)  Yemen List of volcanoes in Yemen Hadhramaut range Jabal Ar-Rays? Jabal Husn Ghuraf Jebel Shaqb? Sarat range[p] Harra of Arhab (VF) Harras of Dhamar (VF) Harra es-Sawad (VF) Jabal Hubaysh (Ibb Governorate) Jabal Kanin Jabal Nuqm Jabal Sabir Jabal Tiyal Haraz range Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb (H, HP)[q]
Note: Mountains are sorted in alphabetical order, unless where it concerns ranges. The highest confirmed mountains in each country are indicated with 'HP', and those with the highest peak are indicated with 'HP', bearing in mind that in the UAE, the highest mountain and the mountain with the highest peak are different. Outcrops are indicated with 'OC', and outliers with 'OL', and anticlines with 'AC'. Volcanoes are indicated with 'V', volcanic craters with 'VC', lava fields with 'LF', and volcanic fields with 'VF'. Other notes: ^ Shared with the UAE ^ Also regarded as being of the Western Hajar ^ Also regarded as being of the Western Hajar ^ Shared with the UAE ^ Shared with the UAE ^ Sensu lato, shared with Yemen ^ Shared with Yemen ^ Sensu lato ^ Sensu lato ^ Shared with Oman ^ Shared with Oman ^ Highest mountain in the UAE, but the peak is in Oman ^ Due to the peak of Jebel Jais being in Oman, this mountain has the highest confirmed peak in the UAE ^ Shared with Oman ^ Shared with Oman ^ Shared with Saudi Arabia ^ Highest confirmed peak in the Arabian Peninsula