Razor-backed musk turtle
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Cryptodira
Family:	Kinosternidae
Genus:	Sternotherus
Species:	S. carinatus
Binomial name
Sternotherus carinatus (Gray, 1856)
Synonyms[2]
Aromochelys carinata Gray, 1856 Aromochelys carinatum — Gray, 1856 Ozotheca triquetra Agassiz, 1857 Goniochelys triquetra — Agassiz, 1857 Aromochelys carinatus — Cope, 1867 Goniochelys carinata — Garman, 1884 Cinosternum carinatum — Boulenger, 1889 Kinosternon carinatum — Stejneger & Barbour, 1917 Sternotherus carinatus — Stejneger, 1923 Sternotherus carinatus carinatus — Carr, 1952 Sternothaerus carinatus — Tinkle, 1958 Kinosternon carinatus — Welch, 1994

The razor-backed musk turtle (Sternotherus carinatus) is a species of turtle in the family Kinosternidae. The species is native to the southern United States. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid.^[3]

S. carinatus is found in the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Florida, and Texas.^[3]

The razor-backed musk turtle grows to a straight carapace length of about 15 cm (5.9 in). It has a brown-colored carapace, with black markings at the edges of each scute. The carapace has a distinct, sharp keel down the center of its length, giving the species its common name.^[4]

The body is typically grey-brown in color, with black spotting, as is the head, which tends to have a bulbous shape to it. It has a long neck, short legs, and a sharp beak. Males can usually be distinguished from females by their longer tails.

The plastron is small, with only one hinge which is located anteriorly. There is no gular scute. Barbels are present on the chin only.^[5]

S. carinatus is almost entirely aquatic, spending most of its time in shallow, heavily vegetated, slow-moving creeks, ponds, streams, and swamps.^[6] The only time it typically ventures onto land is when the female lays eggs.^{[citation needed]} However, both sexes bask often.^[5]

The diet of S. carinatus consists primarily of aquatic invertebrates, including freshwater clams, crayfish, snails, and various insects. It also feeds on fish, amphibians,^[7] carrion,^[8] seeds, and aquatic plants.^[7]

The razor-backed musk turtle is frequently kept in captivity, and is regularly captive bred.^[9] Its relatively small size, hardiness and ease of care makes it a more attractive choice as a pet turtle for many keepers, than the more commonly available red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans).^[9] There is disagreement in sources how old musk turtles can get in captivity with estimates ranging between 20 and 50 years.^[10][9]

• Boulenger GA (1889). Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History). New Edition. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). x + 311 pp. + Plates I–VI. (Cinosternum carinatum, p. 38).
• Carr AF (1952). Handbook of Turtles: The Turtles of the United States, Canada, and Baja California. Ithaca, New York: Comstock Publishing Associates, a Division of Cornell University Press. 542 pp.
• Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. xi + 378 pp. ISBN 0-7167-0020-4. (Sternotherus carinatus, p. 263).
• Gray JE (1856). "On some New Species of Freshwater Tortoises from North America, Ceylon and Australia". Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Second Series 18: 263–268. (Aromochelys carinata, new species, p. 266).
• Powell R, Conant R, Collins JT (2016). Peterson Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Fourth Edition. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. xiv + 494 pp., 47 plates, 207 figures. ISBN 978-0-544-12997-9. (Sternotherus carinatus, pp. 227–228 + Plate 19 + Figures 86, 104).
• Stejneger L, Barbour T (1917). A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 125 pp. (Kinosternon carinatum, p. 111).
• Tinkle DW, Webb RG (1955). "A new species of Sternotherus with a discussion of the Sternotherus carinatus complex (Chelonia, Kinosternidae)". Tulane Studies in Zoology 3 (3): 53–67.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sternotherus carinatus.

Wikispecies has information related to Sternotherus carinatus.

• Austin's Turtle Pages: Razorback Musk
• Turtles of the World: Sternotherus carinatus