Epratuzumab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
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| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Humanized (from mouse) |
| Target | CD22 |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | LymphoCide |
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Epratuzumab (planned trade name LymphoCide) is a humanized monoclonal antibody. Potential uses may be found in oncology and in treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).[1][2]
Clinical trials
A clinical trial for relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has reported initial results.[3]
Results have been published for a phase II trial in untreated follicular lymphoma.[3]
Early results from a phase II trial for Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were encouraging.[3][4]
The manufacturers in August 2009 announced success in early trials against SLE,[5] and started two Phase III clinical trials.
July 2015 : Both phase III trials (EMBODY1/2) for SLE failed to meet their primary endpoint.[6]
Mechanism of action
Epratuzumab binds to the glycoprotein CD22 of mature and malignant B-cells.
Elevated CD22 and other B-cell receptor (BCR) proteins are associated with SLE. "Epratuzumab's mechanism of action transfers these BCR proteins to helper cells called effector cells which reduces B-cell destruction and epratuzumab's impact on the body's immune system"[6] via a process called trogocytosis.[3] Other SLE therapies destroy B-cells which compromises the immune system.
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