Caroline Lloyd
Caroline Lloyd, c. 1967
Born	Caroline Grace Parkhurst (1924-04-12)12 April 1924 Uniontown, Alabama, US
Died	1980(1980-00-00) (aged 55–56)
Occupations	Composer pianist music director
Works	List of compositions

Caroline Grace Parkhurst Lloyd (April 12, 1924 – 1980) was an American composer, pianist and music director. Her best-known composition was the Spanish-language opera Doña Bárbara performed in the Teatro Municipal of Caracas, July 1967. The opera's libretto was provided by Isaac Chocrón and orchestrated by Hershy Kay. Other compositions include works for voice, solo piano and chamber ensemble; of note is the Seis canciones de los paises bolivarianos (lit. 'Six songs of the Bolivar countries').

External audio
Lloyd's Paisajes, arranged for orchestra by Hobart Earle
Performance by the Odessa Philharmonic Orchestra under Earle

Caroline Grace Parkhurst was born in Uniontown, Alabama, US, on April 12, 1924.^[1] The daughter of "Mr. and Ms. T. Harmon Parkhurst", she was raised in Santa Fe, New Mexico.^[2] She received a Bachelor of Music from the University of New Mexico (UNM) in 1945, after piano study with both Nina Ancona and George Robert, and composition study with John Donald Robb.^[2] Her UNM education was partially funded by a scholarship from the Sigma Iota fraternity.^[3] At UNM she met Andrew Richard Lloyd, whom she married in 1946, adopting her husband's surname.^[4] The Lloyds had four children: Timothy, Angela, Richard and Christopher.^[2] Like her mother, Angela later later pursued a career in the arts as a storyteller-entertainer.^[5]

Caroline Lloyd later studied with Bernard Rogers at the Eastman School of Music.^[3][6] As a composer and pianist, Lloyd had taught privately since 1946, which she continued to do in Caracas, Venezuela, where the family moved in 1951.^[3][4] In Caracas, Lloyd was musical director of the El Centro Venezolano Americano (Venezuelan American Center) from 1955 to 1968.^[1]

Lloyd's time in Caracas saw a flurry of composition activity. Her Six Songs—in full, the Seis canciones de los paises bolivarianos (lit. 'Six songs of the Bolivar countries')—were premiered at the Sala de Conciertos of the Central University of Venezuela, shortly before 1965.^[2] The Six Songs received later performances at the UNM (c. 1965) and Schenectady, New York (1967).^[2] Other vocal works were written in 1968: the Three Songs to texts by Federico García Lorca and the Two Songs to texts by José Ramón Medina.^[3] Lloyd composed her best known work in Caracas, the opera Doña Barbara, celebrating the city's 400th anniversary.^[1] She began composing the work in 1964, finishing in November 1966; it was premiered in July 1967 at the Teatro Municipal of Caracas.^[2] Based on the eponymous novel by Rómulo Gallegos, the Venezuelan writer Isaac Chocrón wrote the libretto, while American arranger Hershy Kay orchestrated the work.^[1][2]

After returning to the US, Lloyd studied at Columbia University with Donata Fornuto, Arpad Szabo and Charles Wuorinen.^[6][3] She continued to teach until her graduation in 1973, when Lloyd and her family moved to Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Andrew worked in Algeria, joining the family on weekends.^[4] After a year and a half, the family moved to Quito, Ecuador, returning to the United States in 1977.^[4] Caroline Lloyd died in 1980.^[1]

• Cohen, Aaron I. (1987) [1981]. International Encyclopedia of Women Composers. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Chatham: R. R. Bowker. ISBN 978-0-9617485-2-4. OCLC 16714846.
• Conley, Alia (June 16, 2010). "Lloyd was a world traveler, musician, sailor". San Antonio Express-News.
• McVicker, Mary F. (2016). Women Opera Composers: Biographies from the 1500s to the 21st Century. Jefferson: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-9513-9.
• "Caroline Lloyd". The Music Journal. 23. 1965. Caroline Lloyd received her early training in piano and composition in New Mexico, subsequently studying with Bernard Rogers at Eastman School of Music. In addition to composing, she has maintained intense activity as a concert director
• "Opera By Former Santa Fean Planned for Caracas Production". The Santa Fe New Mexican. June 5, 1967. Retrieved October 5, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
• NCS Import (July 24, 2008). "Have I got a story to tell". The Union. Retrieved August 8, 2024.

• Free scores by Caroline Lloyd at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
• Caroline Lloyd on Facebook – Account run by the composer's daughter; includes archival material