Back River
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Location
Country	United States
States	New Hampshire, Massachusetts
Counties	Rockingham, NH, Essex, MA
Towns	Kensington, NH, South Hampton, NH, Amesbury, MA
Physical characteristics
Source
• location	Kensington, Rockingham County, New Hampshire
• coordinates	42°54′26″N 70°57′57″W / 42.90722°N 70.96583°W / 42.90722; -70.96583
• elevation	150 ft (46 m)
Mouth	Powwow River
• location	Amesbury, Essex County, Massachusetts
• coordinates	42°51′20″N 70°55′38″W / 42.85556°N 70.92722°W / 42.85556; -70.92722
• elevation	0 ft (0 m)
Length	6.5 mi (10.5 km)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Lucy Brook

The Back River is a 6.5-mile-long (10.5 km) river located in New Hampshire and Massachusetts in the United States. It is a tributary to the Powwow River, part of the Merrimack River watershed. Approximately 3.0 miles (4.8 km) of the river are in New Hampshire,^[1] with the remaining 3.5 miles (5.6 km) in Massachusetts.

Prior to European settlement in the early 17th century, Native Americans of the Pennacook tribe lived in the area, and used both the Back River and parent Powwow River for transportation and fishing. The native population was essentially destroyed by the 1617-19 epidemic in the area.^[2]

In the 1950s, the Clarks Pond Dam was built in Amesbury, Massachusetts, creating the pond of that name. Since the pond's creation, it has been degraded by residential building in the area, and was considered "threatened" in a 2013 report, by residential run-off and silt deposits.^[3]

The Back River rises in Kensington, New Hampshire, and flows southeast, almost immediately entering the town of South Hampton. The river turns south and enters Massachusetts in Amesbury, joining the Powwow River at tidewater just downstream from the city's center at the falls of the Powwow.

• List of rivers of Massachusetts
• List of rivers of New Hampshire