1294 Antwerpia
_Antwerpia.png) Shape model of Antwerpia from its lightcurve | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | E. Delporte |
| Discovery site | Uccle Obs. |
| Discovery date | 24 October 1933 |
| Designations | |
| (1294) Antwerpia | |
Named after | Antwerp (Belgian city)[2] |
| 1933 UB1 · 1930 AF 1932 LC · 1964 VA2 1964 XF · A917 DB | |
| Orbital characteristics[1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 99.63 yr (36,391 days) |
| Aphelion | 3.3156 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.0572 AU |
| 2.6864 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.2342 |
| 4.40 yr (1,608 days) | |
| 16.166° | |
| 0° 13m 25.68s / day | |
| Inclination | 8.7271° |
| 81.133° | |
| 313.22° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 27.82±7.33 km[6] 34.71±3.0 km[7] 34.80±0.66 km[8] 37.199±0.134 km[9] 40.717±0.350 km[10] | |
| 6.63±0.01 h[11][12] | |
Pole ecliptic latitude | |
| 0.0887±0.0283[10] 0.10±0.09[6] 0.117±0.024[9] 0.1220±0.024[7] 0.125±0.005[8] | |
| 10.20[7][8][10] · 10.549±0.003 (R)[14] · 10.60[6] · 10.7[1][11] | |
1294 Antwerpia (prov. designation: 1933 UB1) is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 24 October 1933, by astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle.[3] The carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 6.6 hours and measures approximately 35 kilometers (22 miles) in diameter. It was named for the Belgian city of Antwerp.[2]
Orbit and classification
[edit]Antwerpia is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4][5] It orbits the Sun in the central main belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,608 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] the asteroid was first observed as A917 DB at Heidelberg Observatory in February 2017, where the body's observation arc begins one month later in March 2017.[3]
Naming
[edit]This minor planet was named after the city of Antwerp in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 118).[2]
Physical characteristics
[edit]In the SMASS classification, Antwerpia is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[1] It is also a C-type in both the Tholen- and SMASS-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2).[5][13]
Rotation period and poles
[edit]Several rotational lightcurves of Antwerpia have been obtained from photometric observations since 2005. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.63 hours with a brightness variation of 0.42 magnitude (U=1/3/3-/3-/3/2).[15][16][17][14][18][12][a]
A 2016-published lightcurve, using modeled photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database (LPD), gave a concurring period of 6.62521 hours (U=n.a.), as well as two spin axis of (128.0°, −66.0°) and (246.0°, −76.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[19]
Diameter and albedo
[edit]According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Antwerpia measures between 27.82 and 40.717 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0887 and 0.125.[6][7][8][9][10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0783 and a diameter of 34.40 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.7.[11]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Lightcurve plot of (1297) Quadea with a rotation period 6.62 hours and a brightness amplitude of 0.42 mag. Quality Code of 3. Taken by Robert Stephens (2014) at U81/CS3. Summary figures at LCDB
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1294 Antwerpia (1933 UB1)" (2016-11-02 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1294) Antwerpia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 106. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1295. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- ^ a b c "1294 Antwerpia (1933 UB1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ a b "Asteroid 1294 Antwerpia – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b c d e "Asteroid 1294 Antwerpia". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ a b c d Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
- ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
- ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
- ^ a b c "LCDB Data for (1294) Antwerpia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ a b Lecrone, Crystal; Addleman, Don; Butler, Thomas; Hudson, Erin; Mulvihill, Alex; Reichert, Chris; et al. (September 2005). "2004-2005 winter observing campaign at Rose-Hulman Institute: results for 1098 Hakone, 1182 Ilona, 1294 Antwerpia, 1450 Raimonda, 2251 Tikhov, and 2365 Interkosmos" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (3): 46–48. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32...46L. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b Lazzaro, D.; Angeli, C. A.; Carvano, J. M.; Mothé-Diniz, T.; Duffard, R.; Florczak, M. (November 2004). "S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids" (PDF). Icarus. 172 (1): 179–220. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..179L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ Almeida, R.; Angeli, C. A.; Duffard, R.; Lazzaro, D. (February 2004). "Rotation periods for small main-belt asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 415: 403–406. Bibcode:2004A&A...415..403A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034585.
- ^ Stephens, Robert D. (July 2014). "Asteroids Observed from CS3: 2014 January - March" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 171–175. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..171S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ Klinglesmith, Daniel A. III; Hanowell, Jesse; Risley, Ethan; Turk, Janek; Vargas, Angelica; Warren, Curtis Alan (July 2014). "Lightcurves for Inversion Model Candidates" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 139–143. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..139K. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1294) Antwerpia". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ Ďurech, J.; Hanuš, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vančo, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: A48. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527573. ISSN 0004-6361.
External links
[edit]- Lightcurve Database Query (LCDB), at www.minorplanet.info
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Geneva Observatory, Raoul Behrend
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 1294 Antwerpia at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 1294 Antwerpia at the JPL Small-Body Database
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