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Spytkirtel

1. Ørespytkirtlen, 2. Underkæbespytkirtlen og 3. Undertungespytkirtlen.

En spytkirtel er en exokrin kirtel, der findes i mundhulen hos pattedyr. Kirtlen producerer et sekret, kaldet spyt, der fugter slimhinderne i munden, hæmmer bakterievækst, ligesom den blødgør føden og tilfører den et stivelsesnedbrydende enzym. Spytkirtlerne producerer ca. 1-2 liter spyt i døgnet.

Mennesker har talrige små spytkirtler overalt på tungen, i kinderne, løberne og i ganen. Desuden findes tre par større kirtler:

  • Ørespytkirtlen (glandula parotidea eller glandula parotis)
  • Underkæbespytkirtlen (glandula submandibularis)
  • Undertungespytkirtlen (glandula sublingualis)

Sammensætningen af spyttet, der produceres i de forskellige kirtler, varierer fra serøst til muskøst. Spyttet indeholder det basiske enyzm amylase, der spalter stivelse (polysacharider) til disacherider.

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Spytkirtel
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