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American Federation of Labor

Logo fra AFL

American Federation of Labor (AFL, i dag: American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)) var et af de første fagforbund i USA.

Den blev grundlagt den 8. december 1886 af Samuel Gompers ved en reorganisering af forgængeren "Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions", i Columbus, Ohio. Gompers var indtil sin død i 1924 præsident for AFL.

AFL var i den første halvdel af det 20. århundrede det største fagforbund i USA, også efter at den mere radikale "Congress of Industrial Organizations" (CIO) forlod forbundet i 1938.

AFL bedrev en "ganske enkelt" fagforeningspolitik. Dette stod i modsætning til den mere radikale "Industrial Workers of the World" (IWW). AFL koncentrerede sig om arbejderes direkte, aktuelle krav og stillede ikke spørgsmålstegn ved ejerskabet af produktionsmidlerne. Den foretrak taktisk understøttelse af enkeltpolitikere som støttede arbejdernes interesser, frem for hele partier.

I 1955 sluttede AFL sig igen sammen med CIO og eksisterer i dag som AFL-CIO. I juli/august 2005 udtrådte talrige fagforeninger (herunder serviceforbundet SEIU, der var det største enkeltforbund) og dannede den nye paraplyorganisation "Change to win".

Præsidenter for AFL 1886-1955

[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
  • Thomas Greven (2006): Nur Bruch oder auch Aufbruch? Die Spaltung der US-Gewerkschaften. I: Das Argument für Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften 264, 48. Jg., 1/2006, S.85-94 (Schwerpunktheft "Aussichten auf Amerika")
  • Malte Meyer (2002): Neuanfang in der Defensive. US-Gewerkschaften unter Handlungsdruck. Hamburg: VSA
  • Ingar Solty (2006): Die Spaltung der amerikanischen Gewerkschaften. Niedergangssymptom oder Neuanfang der amerikanischen Arbeiterbewegung? I: Sozialismus, 33. Jg., 1/2006, S.28-35
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American Federation of Labor
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