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Nwy

Am ddefnyddiadau eraill, gweler Nwy (gwahaniaethu)
Heb faes trydanol o gwmpas, mae gronynnau nwy (e.e. atomau, moleciwlau, neu ionau) yn symud o gwmpas yn gwbwl rydd.

Mae nwy yn un o'r pedwar prif gyflwr mater (ynghyd â solid, hylif a phlasma). Gall nwy pur gael ei wneud o atomau unigol (e.e. nwy nobl neu nwy atomig fel neon) neu foleciwlau elfennaidd wedi'i wneud o un math o atom (e.e. carbon deuocsid). Mae cymysgedd nwyon yn cynnwys nifer o nwyon pur fel y mae atmosffer y Ddaear. Yr hyn sy'n gwneud nwy mor wahanol i hylif neu solid ydy'r gap neu'r lle gwag rhwng yr holl ronynnau. Effaith y lle gwag yma ydy nwy di-liw, fel arfer.

Nwyon elfennaidd

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Yr unig elfennau cemegol sy'n sefydlog ar dymheredd a gwasgedd Ssafonol (STP) yw: hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2) ac ocsigen (O2); a hefyd dau halogen, fflworin (F2) a chlorin (Cl2). Mae'r rhain, wedi'u grwpio gyda'r nwyon nobl (heliwm) (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), crypton (Kr), senon (Xe) a radon (Rn)) yn cael eu galw'n ‘nwyon elfennaidd’. Ar y llaw arall, maen nhw weithiau'n cael eu galw'n ‘nwyon moleciwlaidd’ er mwyn eu gwahaniaethu oddi wrth moleciwlau sydd hefyd yn elfennau cemegol.

Gweler hefyd

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Chwiliwch am nwy
yn Wiciadur.
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Nwy
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