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Shōtōkan

Escut del shotokan.

El shōtōkan (松涛 馆 流, Shotokan Ryu) és un estil de karate, desenvolupat per Gichin Funakoshi (1868-1957) i el seu fill Gigō Funakoshi (1906-1945). Gichin va néixer a Okinawa[1] i és àmpliament acreditat per popularitzar el karate a través d'una sèrie de manifestacions públiques, i per promoure el desenvolupament de clubs de karate en les universitats, incloses els de: Keiō, Waseda, Hitotsubashi, Takushoku, Chuo, Gakushuin i Hosei.[2]

Etimologia

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Shoto (松涛, Shot) és el so que fa el vent en bufar sobre els pins, que era el pseudònim de Funakoshi, que usava en les seves poesies i escrits filosòfics per als seus estudiants. En japonès, kan (馆, kan) Significa "escola". En honor del seu sensei, els estudiants li van posar el nom de "shoto-kan" al lloc on Funakoshi ensenyava. Gichin Funakoshi mai no li va donar un nom al seu estil, l'anomenava simplement "KARATE"

Katas

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Gichin Funakoshi executant Kanku dai kata (観空).

Bàsics No oficials

太極初段 Taikyoku Shodan

太極二段 Taikyoku Nidan

太極三段 Taikyoku Sandan

点の型表 Ten No Kata Omote

点の型裏 Ten No Kata Ura

Oficials

平安初段 Heian Shodan (Pinan 1)

平安二段 Heian Nidan (Pinan 2)

平安三段 Heian Sandan (Pinan 3)

平安四段 Heian Yondan (Pinan 4)

平安五段 Heian Godan (Pinan 5)

鉄騎初段 Tekki Shodan (Naihanchi)

披塞大 Bassai Dai (Passai)

観空大 Kankū Dai (Kashanku)

燕飛 Enpi (Wansu-Wanshu)

燕飛 Jion

十手 Jitte (Jutte)

岩鶴 Hangetsu (Seisan-Jusan)

鉄騎二段 Tekki Nidan (Naihanchi)

披塞大 Bassai Shō (Passai)

観空小 Kankū Shō (Kashanku)

岩鶴 Gankaku (Chinto)

壯鎭 Sōchin

鉄騎三段 Tekki Sandan (Naihanchi)

珍手 Chinte

慈陰 Jiin

二十四歩 Nijūshiho (Niseishi)

明鏡 Meikyō (Rohai)

雲手 Unsu

王冠 Wankan

五十四歩大 Gojūshiho Dai (Useishi Gran)

五十四歩小 Gojūshiho Shō (Useishi Petit)

Vegeu també

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Referències

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  1. Mark Bishop. Okinawan Karate: Teachers, styles, and secret techniques, 1999. ISBN 0-8048-3205-6. 
  2. Funakoshi, Gichin (1973). "Karate-do Kyohan", Kodansha International Ltd, Tokyo. ISBN 0-87011-190-6.

Bibliografia

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  • Bruce Clayton. Shotokan's Secret: The Hidden Truth Behind Karate's Fighting Origins.
  • Harry Cook. Shotokan Karate: A Precise History.
  • Gichin Funakoshi. Karate-do Kyohan: The Master Text.
  • Gichin Funakoshi. Karate-do Nyumon: The Master Introductory Text.
  • Randall G. Hassell. Shotokan Karate: Its History and Evolution (Damashi, 1984). ISBN 0-911921-05-2.
  • Masatoshi Nakayama. Dynamic Karate.
  • Teruyuki Okazaki. Perfection of Character: Guiding Principles for the Martial arts & Everyday Life.
  • Rob Redmond. Kata: The Folk Dances of Shotokan.
  • John Sells. Unante: The Secrets of Karate (Panchita S. Hawley, 2nd ed. 2000) ISBN 0-910704-96-1.
  • Randell G. Hassell and Edmond Otis. "The Complete Idiot's Guide to Karate". (Penguin Group (USA), 2000).

Enllaços externs

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  • All Shotokan Katas Arxivat 2010-03-02 a Wayback Machine.(anglès)
  • Karatekas.com(castellà)
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Shōtōkan
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