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Proteomika

Robotska priprema uzoraka za masenu spektrometriju.

Proteomika je istraživanje proteina u velikim razmerima sa osobitim fokusom na njihovu strukturu i funkcije. U praksi, to je interdisciplinarno i preklapajuče područje genomike i bioinformatike, odnosno biologije i hemije.[1][2]

Proteini su vitalni sastojci živih organizama, bilo kao gradivni ili katalizatori životnih reakcija i procesa. Glavne su komponente fizioloških metaboličkih puteva u ćelijama. Termin proteomika je formuliran 1997.[3] po analogiji sa pojmom genomika, koja proučava genome. Termin proteom je mešavina reči protein i genom, koju je skovao Mark Vilkins 1994.[4][5]

Proteom je sveukupni set proteina[5] koji neki organizam proizvodi ili modificira. Njegov sadržaj temporalno varira, u zavisnosti od različitih uvjeta, odnosno stresova kojima su ćelije i/ili organizam izloženi. Proteomika je interdisciplinarno područje koje je u znatnoj mjeri oformljeno na temelju istraživanja u okviru razvoja Projekta ljudskog genoma. Obuhvata naučna istraživanja i objašnjenja proteoma u sveobuhvatnoj intracelularnoj proteinskoj konstelaciji i strukturi i njegovom jedinstvenom sinergističkom djelovanju. Imajući to u vidu, proteomika je značajna komponenta funkcionalne genomike.

Iako se termin proteomika općenito odnosi na eksperimentalnu analizu proteina velikih razmera, istovremano se upotrebljava i za prečišćavanje proteina i masenu spektrometriju.

Reference

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  1. ^ Anderson N. L., Anderson N. G. (1998): Proteome and proteomics: new technologies, new concepts, and new words. Electrophoresis , 19 (11): 1853–1861.
  2. ^ Alterovitz G. et al. (2008): System-wide peripheral biomarker discovery using information theory. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing: 231–242, ISBN 9789812776082.
  3. ^ James P. (1997): Protein identification in the post-genome era: the rapid rise of proteomics. Quarterly reviews of biophysics, 30 (4): 279–331.
  4. ^ Marc R. Wilkins R. et al. (1996): From proteins to proteomes: Large scale protein identification by two-dimensional electrophoresis and amino acid analysis. Nature Biotechnology , 14 (1): 61–65.
  5. ^ a b http://www.babs.unsw.edu.au/directory.php?personnelID=12 Arhivirano 12. 2. 2009. na Wayback Machine UNSW Staff Bio: Professor Marc Wilkins.

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Proteomika
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