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Program "Viking"

Program Viking se sastojao od dvije američke letjelice upućene na Mars, Viking 1 i Viking 2.[1] Svaka letjelica se sastojala od dvije glavne komponente; orbitera, dizajniranog da načini fotografije površine planete i lendera konstruisanog da ispituje planetu s njene površine. Orbiteri su trebali služiti i kao komunikacioni sateliti između lendera i zemaljske baze.

Bila je to najskuplja i najambicioznija misija upućena na Mars, ikada. Koštala je otprilike 1 milijardu dolara.[2] Bila je veoma uspješna i sakupila je najveću količinu podataka o Crvenoj planeti u narednih gotovo dvadeset godina.

Program Viking je izrastao iz NASA-inog ranijeg i ambicioznijeg Programa Voyager Mars, koji nije bio u vezi sa uspješnim Programom Voyager sprovedenog kasnih 1970-tih. Viking 1 je lansiran 20. augusta 1975, a druga letjelica, Viking 2, 9. septembra iste te godine, oba su nosile Titan III-E rakete.

Nakon orbitiranja oko Marsa i slanja slika korištenih za izbor sletišta, orbiter i lender su se razdvojili i ovaj drugi je ušao u marsovu atmosferu, te mehko prizemljio na odabrano mjesto. Orbiteri su nastavili sa snimanjem i provođenjem drugih naučnih operacija iz orbite, dok su lenderi razmjestili instrumente na površini.

Također pogledajte

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Reference

[uredi | uredi izvor]
  1. ^ "Viking Mission to Mars". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. NASA. 2006. Pristupljeno 2. 5. 2011. |first= nedostaje |last= (pomoć)
  2. ^ Viking 1 Orbiter: Mission Profile (NASA NSSDC)


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Program "Viking"
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