Lamiaceae
Pamilya kan Minte | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Lamium purpureum L. | |
Sayantipiko na klasipikasyon ![]() | |
Kahadean: | Plantae |
Klado: | Angiosperms |
Klado: | Eudicots |
Klado: | Core eudicots |
Klado: | Asterids |
Orden: | Lamiales |
Pamilya: | Lamiaceae Martinov[1][2] |
Type genus | |
Lamium | |
Genera | |
See text |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Lamium_purpureum_Closeup.jpg/220px-Lamium_purpureum_Closeup.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Melissa_officinalis01.jpg/220px-Melissa_officinalis01.jpg)
An Lamiaceae o Labiatae , an pamilya kan mga tanom na nagbuburak na mas bisto sa ngaran na mint o deadnettle o sage na pamilya. Kadaklan kan mga tanom igdi aromatic an gabos na parte asin kaayon sa mga pagluto na herb, arog kan basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory, marjoram, oregano, hyssop, thyme, lavender, asin perilla. Ang ibang espesya ka ini mga palumpong, kahoy (arog kan teak), o, paminsan mga vine. Kadaklan kan miyembro sa pamilyang ini kinukultivar bako sana para sa mag aroma kaini, kundi dahil man sa madali an pagpadakul ka ini gamit an pagputol sana kan mga sanga.[nangangaipo nin toltolan] An iba na an mga dahon pwedeng kakanon, nagigi man dagos pandekorasyon, arog kan Coleus. Igwa man iba na pinapadakul para sa mga pisog kaini, arog kan Salvia hispanica (chia), para sa tubo, arog kan Plectranthus edulis, Plectranthus esculentus, Plectranthus rotundifolius, asinStachys affinis o (Chinese artichoke).
An pamilya igwa nin cosmopolitan distribution.[3] An pinadakulang Lamiaceae igwa nin halos 236 na genera[4] na igwa nin poon 6,900[3] hanggang 7,200[4] na mga espesye, pero an World Checklist nakalista nin 7,534.[5] An mga darakulang genera iyo an Salvia (900), Scutellaria (360), Stachys (300), Plectranthus (300), Hyptis (280), Teucrium (250), Vitex (250), Thymus (220), asin Nepeta (200).[4] An Clerodendrum dating genus na igwang 400 espesye,[4] pero kan 2010, ini pinalipot sana sa 150.[6]
An pamilya tradisyonal na harani sa Verbenaceae;[4] kan 1990, an phylogenetic na mga pagadal nagsuhestiyon na an genera klasipikasyon kaini sa Verbenaceae dapat ilaog sa Lamiaceae [7][8] o sa ibang pamilya sa order kan Lamiales.[1]
Mga Genera
[baguhon | baguhon an source]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Leucas_aspera_at_Gandipet%2C_Hyderabad%2C_AP_W_IMG_9054.jpg/220px-Leucas_aspera_at_Gandipet%2C_Hyderabad%2C_AP_W_IMG_9054.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Orthosiphon_pallidus_%28Jyoti%29_in_Talakona_forest%2C_AP_W_IMG_8284.jpg/220px-Orthosiphon_pallidus_%28Jyoti%29_in_Talakona_forest%2C_AP_W_IMG_8284.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Origanum_vulgare_-_harilik_pune.jpg/220px-Origanum_vulgare_-_harilik_pune.jpg)
An huring rebisyon kan buong pamilya kaini ipinublikar kan 2004.[4] Ini nagpaliwanag asin nagtao nin mgakey sa 236 genera. Ini minarkahan nin asterisk (*) sa listahan sa iabab. Magkakapirang genera man an nabuo asin binuhay ulit poon 2004. Ini minarkahan nin plus sign (+). An mga natatadang mga genera sa listahan para sa mga historikal na interes sana o gikan sa listahan kan mga genera na mayong kapaliwanagan.[9]
An Kew Gardens nagtatao nin mga listahan kan genera na igwa nin mga dagdag na impormasyon.[10] Igwa man listahan sa Angiosperm Phylogeny Website na pirming dinudugangan.[11]
- *Acanthomintha
- *Achyrospermum
- Acinos
- Acrocephalus
- *Acrotome
- *Acrymia
- Adelosa
- *Aegiphila
- *Aeollanthus
- *Agastache
- *Ajuga
- *Ajugoides
- *Alajja
- *Alvesia
- *Amasonia
- *Amethystea
- *Anisochilus
- *Anisomeles
- *Asterohyptis
- *Ballota
- *Basilicum
- Becium
- *Benguellia
- *Blephilia
- *Bostrychanthera
- Bovonia
- *Brachysola
- *Brazoria
- *Bystropogon
- Calamintha
- *Callicarpa
- *Capitanopsis
- Capitanya
- *Caryopteris
- *Catoferia
- *Cedronella
- Ceratanthus
- *Chaiturus
- *Chamaesphacos
- *Chaunostoma
- *Chelonopsis
- *Chloanthes
- *Cleonia
- *Clerodendrum
- *Clinopodium
- *Colebrookea
- *Collinsonia
- *Colquhounia
- *Comanthosphace
- *Congea
- *Conradina
- Coridothymus
- *Cornutia
- *Craniotome
- *Cryphia
- *Cuminia
- *Cunila
- *Cyanostegia
- *Cyclotrichium
- *Cymaria
- *Dauphinea
- *Dicerandra
- *Dicrastylis
- Discretitheca
- Dorystoechas
- *Dracocephalum
- *Drepanocaryum
- *Elsholtzia
- *Endostemon
- Englerastrum
- *Eremostachys
- *Eriope
- *Eriophyton
- Eriopidion
- *Eriothymus
- Erythrochlamys
- Euhesperida
- *Eurysolen
- *Faradaya
- *Fuerstia
- *Galeopsis
- *Garrettia
- Geniosporum
- *Glechoma
- *Glechon
- *Glossocarya
- *Gmelina
- *Gomphostemma
- *Gontscharovia
- *Hanceola
- *Haplostachys
- *Haumaniastrum
- *Hedeoma
- *Hemiandra
- *Hemigenia
- *Hemiphora
- *Hemizygia
- *Hesperozygis
- *Heterolamium
- *Hoehnea
- *Holmskioldia
- *Holocheila
- Holostylon
- *Horminum
- *Hosea
- *Hoslundia
- *Huxleya
- *Hymenocrater
- *Hymenopyramis
- *Hypenia
- *Hypogomphia
- *Hyptidendron
- *Hyptis
- *Hyssopus
- Isodictyophorus
- *Isodon
- *Isoleucas
- +Kalaharia
- *Karomia
- Keiskea
- Killickia
- Kudrjaschevia
- *Kurzamra
- *Lachnostachys
- *Lagochilus
- *Lagopsis
- *Lallemantia
- *Lamiophlomis
- *Lamium
- *Lavandula
- *Leocus
- *Leonotis
- *Leonurus
- *Lepechinia
- *Leucas
- Leucophae
- *Leucosceptrum
- Limniboza
- *Lophanthus
- *Loxocalyx
- *Lycopus
- *Macbridea
- *Madlabium
- *Mallophora
- *Marmoritis
- *Marrubium
- *Marsypianthes
- *Matsumurella
- *Meehania
- *Melissa
- *Melittis
- *Mentha
- *Meriandra
- Mesona
- *Metastachydium
- *Microcorys
- *Micromeria
- *Microtoena
- *Minthostachys
- *Moluccella
- *Monarda
- *Monardella
- *Monochilus
- *Mosla
- *Neoeplingia
- Neohyptis
- Neorapinia
- *Nepeta
- *Newcastelia
- Nosema
- *Notochaete
- *Obtegomeria
- *Ocimum
- Octomeron
- *Ombrocharis
- *Oncinocalyx
- *Origanum
- *Orthosiphon
- *Otostegia
- +Ovieda
- *Oxera
- *Panzerina
- *Paralamium
- *Paraphlomis
- *Paravitex
- *Peltodon
- *Pentapleura
- *Perilla
- *Perillula
- *Peronema
- *Perovskia
- Perrierastrum
- Petitia
- *Petraeovitex
- *Phlomidoschema
- *Phlomis
- *Phlomoides
- *Phyllostegia
- *Physopsis
- *Physostegia
- *Piloblephis
- Pitardia
- *Pityrodia
- *Platostoma
- *Plectranthus
- *Pogogyne
- *Pogostemon
- *Poliomintha
- *Prasium
- *Premna
- *Prostanthera
- *Prunella
- *Pseuderemostachys
- *Pseudocarpidium
- *Pseudocaryopteris
- *Pseudomarrubium
- Puntia
- *Pycnanthemum
- *Pycnostachys
- Rabdosiella
- *Renschia
- *Rhabdocaulon
- *Rhaphiodon
- *Rhododon
- *Rosmarinus
- *Rostrinucula
- *Rotheca
- *Roylea
- *Rubiteucris
- +Rydingia
- Sabaudia
- *Saccocalyx
- Salazaria
- *Salvia
- *Satureja
- *Schizonepeta
- *Schnabelia
- *Scutellaria
- *Sideritis
- *Siphocranion
- Solenostemon
- *Spartothamnella
- *Sphenodesme
- *Stachydeoma
- *Stachyopsis
- *Stachys
- *Stenogyne
- *Sulaimania
- *Suzukia
- *Symphorema
- Symphostemon
- *Synandra
- *Syncolostemon
- *Tectona
- *Teijsmanniodendron
- +Tetraclea
- *Tetradenia
- *Teucridium
- *Teucrium
- *Thorncroftia
- *Thuspeinanta
- *Thymbra
- *Thymus
- *Tinnea
- *Trichostema
- *Tripora
- *Tsoongia
- *Vitex
- *Viticipremna
- +Volkameria
- *Warnockia
- *Wenchengia
- *Westringia
- Wiedemannia
- *Wrixonia
- Xenopoma
- *Zataria
- *Zhumeria
- *Ziziphora
Mga bagong kaliwatan
[baguhon | baguhon an source]An circumskripsiyon kan magkakapirang mga genera nagbago na poon kan 2004. Tsoongia, Paravitex, asin Viticipremna ibinaba na sa mga kapareho kaiba an Vitex.[12] Huxleya ibinaba sa Volkameria.[6] An Kalaharia, Volkameria, Ovieda, asin Tetraclea sinuruway hali sa dating polyphyletic Clerodendrum.[6] An Rydingia isinuway sa Leucas.[13] An natatadang Leucas sarong paraphyletic kan apat na ibang genera.[14]
Subfamilia asin mga tribo
[baguhon | baguhon an source]Kan 2004, an Lamiaceae binanga sa pitong mga subpamilya na igwa nin 10 genera na dai nakaayon sa mga subpamilya.[4] An mga mayong kinamumugtakan na genera iyo an: Tectona, Callicarpa, Hymenopyramis, Petraeovitex, Peronema, Garrettia, Cymaria, Acrymia, Holocheila, asin Ombrocharis. An mga subpamilya iyo an Symphorematoideae, Viticoideae, Ajugoideae, Prostantheroideae, Nepetoideae, Scutellarioideae, asin Lamioideae. An subpamilya na Viticoideae bakong monophyletic.[12] An Prostantheroideae asin Nepetoideae binanga sa mga tribo. Ini ipinapahiling sa phylogenetic tree sa ibaba.
Phylogenyo
[baguhon | baguhon an source]Kadaklan kan mga genera kan Lamiaceae dai pa napagadalan an DNA para sa molecular phylogenetic na pag-adal..An phylogeny na ipinapahiling sa ibaba gikan sa iba-ibang pinagunuan.[4][8][6][12][15][16][17]
Lamiaceae |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Toltolan
[baguhon | baguhon an source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Stevens, P. F. (July 2012). "Lamiales (Lamiaceae Family)". Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 105–121. doi: . Archived from the original on 2017-05-25. https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract. Retrieved on 2013-06-26.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Heywood, Vernon H.; Brummitt, Richard K.; Seberg, Ole; Culham, Alastair (2007). Flowering Plant Families of the World. Ontario, Canada: Firefly Books. ISBN 978-1-55407-206-4.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Raymond M. Harley, Sandy Atkins, Andrey L. Budantsev, Philip D. Cantino, Barry J. Conn, Renée J. Grayer, Madeline M. Harley, Rogier P.J. de Kok, Tatyana V. Krestovskaja, Ramón Morales, Alan J. Paton, asin P. Olof Ryding. 2004. "Labiatae" pages 167-275. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) asin Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants volume VII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN 978-3-540-40593-1
- ↑ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Yuan, Yao-Wu; Mabberley, David J.; Steane, Dorothy A.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2010). "Further disintegration and redefinition of Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae): Implications for the understanding of the evolution of an intriguing breeding strategy". Taxon 59 (1): 125–133. doi: .
- ↑ Cantino, P.D., Harley, R.M. & Wagstaff, S.J. 1992. Genera of Labiatae: status and classification. Pp. 511-522. In: Raymond M. Harley and Tom Reynolds (editors). Advances in Labiate Science. Richmond, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Wagstaff, Steven J.; Hickerson, Laura; Spangler, Russ; Reeves, Patrick A.; Olmstead, Richard G. (1998). "Phylogeny in Labiatae s.l., inferred from cpDNA sequences". Plant Systematics and Evolution 209 (3–4): 265–274. doi: .
- ↑ "List of genera in Lamiaceae". In: "Lamiaceae". In: "List of families". In: "Families and genera in GRIN. (see External links below)
- ↑ List of Genera in Lamiaceae. At: Vascular Plant Families and Genera. At: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. At: Electronic Plant Information Center. At: Website of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. (see External Links below).
- ↑ APG list of Lamiaceae genera
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Bramley, Gemma L.C.; Forest, Félix; Rogier (2009). "Troublesome tropical mints: re-examining generic limits of Vitex and relations (Lamiaceae) in South East Asia". Taxon 58 (2): 500–510. doi: .
- ↑ Scheen, Anne-Cathrine; Albert, Victor A. (2007). "Nomenclatural and taxonomic changes within the Leucas clade (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)".". Systematics and Geography of Plants 77 (2): 229–238.
- ↑ Scheen, Anne-Cathrine; Albert, Victor A. (2009). "Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)".". Systematic Botany 34 (1): 173–181. doi: .
- ↑ Zhong, Jin-Shun; Li, Jie; Li, Lang; Conran, John G.; Hsi-wen, Li (2010). "Phylogeny of Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach (Lamiaceae) and Related Genera Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS, trnL-trnF Region, and rps16 Intron Sequences and Morphology". Systematic Botany 35 (1): 207–219. doi: .
- ↑ Walker, Jay B.; Sytsma, Kenneth J. (2007). "Staminal Evolution in the Genus Salvia (Lamiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence for Multiple Origins of the Staminal Lever". Annals of Botany 100 (2): 375–391. doi: . PMID 16926227.
- ↑ Ryding, P. Olof (2010). "Pericarp structure and phylogeny of tribe Mentheae (Lamiaceae)".". Plant Systematics and Evolution 285 (3–4): 165–175. doi: .
Panluwas na takod
[baguhon | baguhon an source]Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.