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Xenoma

Xenoma

El xenoma ye la totalidá de la información xenética que tien un organismu en particular. Polo xeneral, al falar de xenoma nos seres eucariotes referímosnos namái al ADN conteníu nel nucleu, organizáu en cromosomes. Pero nun tenemos qu'escaecer que tamién la mitocondria contién xenes. El término alcuñóse en 1920 por Hans Winkler, profesor de Botánica na Universidá d'Hamburgu, Alemaña, como un acrónimu de les pallabres gene y chromosoma

El términu diploide indica qu'un organismu tien dos copies del xenoma nes sos célules, darréu de la presencia de pares de cromosomes homólogos.

El xenoma nun analiza la diversidá xenética o'l polimorfismu de los xenes d'una especie. Por exemplu, nel xenoma humanu la secuencia en principiu podría determinase con namái la metada del ADN d'una célula d'un individuu. Pa conocer una variación particular o n'enfermedaes requierse la comparanza ente individuos.

El 20 de mayu de 2010 la revista Science publica una noticia histórica: Craig Venter y el so equipu llograron crear una célula bacteriana col xenoma sintéticu.


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Xenoma
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