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Berilio

Berilio
LitioBerilioBoro
-

Be

Mg
Información cheneral
Nombre, simbolo, numero Berilio, Be, 4
Serie quimicaAlcalinoterrio
Grupo, periodo, bloque 22, s
Colorblanco-griso metallico
Peso atomico 9.012182(3) g·mol−1
Configuración electronica 1s2 2s2
Electrons por capa 2, 2
Propiedaz fisicas
Fasesolido
Densidat (a t.a.)1.85 g·cm−3
Densidat en liquido en o p.f.1.690 g·cm−3
Punto de fusión1560 K
(1287 °C, 2349 °F)
Punto d'ebullición2742 K
(2469 °C, 4476 °F)
Entalpía de fusión12.2 kJ·mol−1
Entalpía de vaporización297 kJ·mol−1
Calor especifica(25 °C) 16.443 J·mol−1·K−1
Presión de vapor
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T/K 1462 1608 1791 2023 2327 2742
Propiedaz atomicas
Estructura cristalinahexagonal
Estaus d'oxidación2, 1[1]
(Oxido amfoterico)
Electronegatividat1.57 (escala de Pauling)
Enerchías d'ionización
(mas)
1ª: 899.5 kJ·mol−1
2ª: 1757.1 kJ·mol−1
3ª: 14848.7 kJ·mol−1
Radio atomico105[2] pm
Radio atomico (calc.)112[3] pm
Radio covalent96±3 pm
Radio de van der Waals153 pm
Atra información
Ordenación magneticadiamagnetico
Resistividat electrica(20 °C) 36 nΩ·m
Conductividat termal(300 K) 200 W·m−1·K−1
Dilatación(25 °C) 11.3 µm·m−1·K−1
Velocidat d'o sonito(t.a.) 12870[4] m·s−1
Modulo d'elasticidat287 GPa
Mod. elast. transversal132 GPa
Modulo de compresión130 GPa
Coeficient de Poisson0.032
Dureza Mohs5.5
Dureza Vickers1670 MPa
Dureza Brinell600 MPa
Numero CAS7440-41-7
Isotopos mas estables
iso AN Vida MD ED (MeV) PD
7Be traza 53.12 d ε 0.862 7Li
γ 0.477 -
9Be 100% 9Be ye estable con 5 neutrons
10Be trace 1.36×106 a β 0.556 10B

O berilio ye un elemento quimico de simbolo Be y numero atomico 4. Ye un elemento alcalinoterrio bivalent, toxico, de color griso, duro, lichero y crebadizo. S'emplega mas que mas ta endurir aliacions, (en especial d'arambre).

En a naturaleza se troba en o mineral berilo, un ciclosilicato.

Referencías

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Vinclos externos

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Berilio
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