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Ierse Vrystaat

Die Ierse Vrystaat (Iers: Saorstát Éireann; Engels: The Irish Free State) was die naam wat deur die suide van Ierland aangeneem is ná die ondertekening van die vredesverdrag met Groot-Brittanje in Desember 1921 wat die Ierse stryd om onafhanklikheid beëindig het.

Die Vrystaat sou deel van die Statebond bly as 'n heerskappy en sou byna heeltemal onafhanklik word met die Statuut van Westminster. Nadat 'n nuwe grondwet in 1937 aanvaar is, het Ierland homself nie meer as deel van die Statebond beskou nie. Met die proklamasie van die republiek in 1949 is die laaste skakel met Londen ook verbreek. Sedertdien is daar na die land verwys as Ierland.

Cumann na nGaedheal

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Die Ierse Vrystaat is regeer deur die wegbreeklede van Sinn Féin, wat hulself Cumann na nGaedheal genoem het. Michael Collins het die leier van die staat geword as voorsitter van die voorlopige regering. Onenigheid het gelei tot die burgeroorlog van 1922 tot 1923, waarin Collins tydens 'n nederlaag by Béal na Bláth doodgeskiet is. Na sy dood het William Thomas Cosgrave die leierskap van die staat aanvaar.

Die Ierse Vrystaat verteenwoordig vir sommige die begin van Ierse demokrasie, vir ander 'n tydperk van sosiale en kulturele konserwatisme. Na die burgeroorlog ontwikkel daar polities onderskeidelik die Fine Gael en Fianna Fáil ideologiese lyne.

Bronne

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  • Coogan, Tim Pat (1993). Éamon de Valera. ISBN 0-09-175030-X.
  • Coogan, Tim Pat (1990). Michael Collins. ISBN 0-09-174106-8.
  • Longford, Lord. Peace by Ordeal.
  • McCardle, Dorothy (Januarie 1999). The Irish Republic. ISBN 0-86327-712-8.
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Ierse Vrystaat
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