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Fossielbrandstof

Steenkool, 'n fossielbrandstof.

Fossielbrandstowwe is brandstowwe wat gevorm word vanuit natuurlike hulpbronne soos die anaërobiese ontbinding van dooie, bedolwe organismes. Die ouderdom van hierdie organismes en hul gevormde fossielbrandstof word tipies in die orde van miljoene jare beraam, met beramings tot 2 miljard jaar.[1] Hierdie brandstowwe bevat hoë persentasies koolstof en koolwaterstowwe.

Fossielbrandstowwe bestaan uit reeks van verskillende samestellings, vanaf vlugtige materiale met lae koolstof tot waterstof (C:H) verhoudings soos metaan, tot vloeibare petroleum, tot nie-vlugtige materiale wat feitlik uit suiwer koolstof bestaan, soos antrasiet steenkool. Metaan word gevind in koolwaterstof velde, in 'n suiwer vorm, saam met olie, of in ander vorme. Daar word algemeen aanvaar fossielbrandstowwe is die fossieloorskot van eens dooie plante of diere[2] wat blootgestel is aan die hoë temperature en drukke in die aardkors oor 'n tydperk van honderde miljoene jare.[3] Hierdie teorie was eers voorgestel deur Georg Agricola en later deur Mikhail Lomonosov in die 18de eeu.

Bronne

[wysig | wysig bron]
  1. Paul Mann, Lisa Gahagan, and Mark B. Gordon, "Tectonic setting of the world's giant oil and gas fields," in Michel T. Halbouty (ed.) Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1990–1999, Tulsa, Okla.: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, p.50, besoek op 22 Junie 2009.
  2. Dr. Irene Novaczek. "Canada's Fossil Fuel Dependency" (in Frans). Elements. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 September 2019. Besoek op 18 Januarie 2007.
  3. "Fossil fuel". EPA. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 12 Maart 2007. Besoek op 18 Januarie 2007.
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Fossielbrandstof
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